Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau, txhuas, thiab calcium hauv cov hlau silicon thaiv, hlau silicon tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau qib xws li 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, thiab 1101.
Industrially, silicon blocks feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev txo cov silica nrog cov pa roj carbon hauv lub cub hluav taws xob. Kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg: SiO22C → Si2CO Lub purity ntawm silicon tau nyob rau hauv no txoj kev yog 97 ~ 98%, uas yog hu ua metallic silicon. Tom qab ntawd nws yog melted thiab recrystallized, thiab impurities raug tshem tawm nrog cov kua qaub kom tau nws cov hlau silicon nrog purity ntawm 99.7 mus rau 99.8%. Lub block silicon feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm silicon thiab yog li ntawd muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau silicon. Muaj ob lub allotropes, amorphous thiab crystalline. Amorphous yog cov hmoov grey-dub, uas yog ib hom microcrystalline.
Silicon block yog industrially purified elemental silicon, feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim cov organic silicon, kev npaj cov khoom siv high-purity semiconductor thiab kev npaj cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau yog siv los ua antioxidant hauv kev lag luam refractory. Cov kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum silicon yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Kev tsim cov roj hmab silicone, silicone resin, silicone roj thiab lwm yam silicones
Nws muaj elasticity zoo thiab kub tsis kam thiab yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv kho mob, kub resistant gaskets, thiab lwm yam. Silicone resin yog siv los tsim cov xim insulating, kub resistant coatings, thiab lwm yam. tsawg cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog siv los tsim lubricants, polishes, kua springs, dielectric fluids, thiab lwm yam. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv cov kua dej tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab thiab txau rau hauv cov tsev ua cov dej tsis zoo. Yam khoom nto.
(2) Kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab ntshiab los ntawm silicon blocks
Yuav luag tag nrho cov niaj hnub loj-loj sib xyaw circuits yog ua los ntawm high-purity metallic silicon, thiab high-purity silicon blocks kuj yog lub ntsiab raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov optical fibers. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias nws tau dhau los ua kev lag luam tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv hnub nyoog.
(3) Alloy npaj
Silicon block aluminium alloy yog ib qho alloy uas muaj ntau ntawm silicon. Silicon-aluminium alloy yog ib qho muaj zog sib xyaw deoxidizer. Nws tuaj yeem hloov cov ntshiab txhuas hauv cov txheej txheem steelmaking, txhim kho kev siv tus nqi ntawm deoxidizer, purify molten steel, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau molten. Cov alloy muaj qhov ntom ntom, me me thermal expansion coefficient, zoo casting kev ua tau zoo thiab hnav tsis kam. Lub alloy castings cam khwb cia nrog nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab zoo-siab ceev ceev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj kev pab cuam lub neej. Feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim tsheb aerospace thiab kev lag luam automotive.
Kev tsim cov tshuaj silicon yog nqa tawm tsis tu ncua. Cov xwm txheej hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis tas mus li. Chemical silicon ntau lawm yog txheej txheem uas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov mus rau hauv thermal zog nyob rau hauv lub cub hluav taws xob, thiab ces lub thermal zog yog siv los ncaj qha tshav kub cov ntaub ntawv los tsim tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, cov yam ntxwv ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Melting siv kaw arc ua haujlwm kom tswj tau qhov kub ntawm lub cub tawg, txhim kho thermal efficiency, thiab txhim kho hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob.
