Vanadium muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov pa roj carbon, ammonia, thiab oxygen, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas nrog cov khoom sib txuas nrog lawv. Vanadium muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm carbides nyob rau hauv steel. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv thiab cov nplej ntawm cov hlau thiab txo lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov hlau. Thaum yaj mus rau hauv cov khoom sib tov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, hardenability yog nce; conversely, thaum nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm carbide, lub hardenability yog txo. Vanadium tsub kom lub tempering stability ntawm quenched steel thiab ua ib tug thib ob hardening nyhuv. Cov ntsiab lus vanadium hauv hlau, tshwj tsis yog cov cuab yeej siv siab ceev, feem ntau tsis ntau dua 0.5%.
Vanadium tuaj yeem kho cov nplej hauv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj carbon hlau, txhim kho lub zog, qhov sib piv thiab cov yam ntxwv kub qis tom qab normalizing, thiab txhim kho vuam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau.
Vanadium feem ntau siv ua ke nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li manganese, chromium, molybdenum thiab tungsten hauv cov qauv hlau vim tias nws yuav txo qis hardenability raws li kev kho cua sov. Vanadium nyob rau hauv quenched thiab tempered steel mas txhim kho lub zog thiab tawm los piv ntawm cov hlau, refines cov nplej, thiab txo overheating rhiab heev. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem kho cov nplej hauv carburized steel, cov hlau tuaj yeem quenched ncaj qha tom qab carburizing yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau quenching theem nrab.
Vanadium nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel thiab bearing steel yuav ua rau kom lub zog thiab yield piv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nce tus proportional txwv thiab elastic txwv, txo decarburization rhiab heev thaum tshav kub kub kho, yog li txhim kho nto zoo. Pentachromium-muaj vanadium bearing steel muaj siab carbonization dispersion thiab kev ua tau zoo.
Vanadium refines cov nplej nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej hlau, txo cov overheat rhiab heev, tsub kom tempering stability thiab hnav tsis kam, yog li ncua kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub cuab tam.
Titanium muaj zog affinity nrog nitrogen, oxygen, thiab carbon, thiab muaj zog affinity nrog sulfur dua hlau. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho zoo deoxygenating degassing tus neeg saib xyuas thiab cov khoom siv zoo hauv kev kho nitrogen thiab carbon. Txawm hais tias titanium yog ib qho muaj zog carbide-forming caij, nws tsis ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw. Titanium carbide muaj zog ruaj khov, ruaj khov, thiab tsis yooj yim rau decompose. Hauv cov hlau, nws tsuas tuaj yeem maj mam yaj mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tov thaum rhuab mus rau saum 1000 degree. Ua ntej yuav yaj, titanium carbide hais tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov nplej. Txij li thaum affinity ntawm titanium thiab carbon yog ntau dua li affinity ntawm chromium thiab carbon, titanium feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv stainless hlau los kho cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv nws kom tshem tawm cov depletion ntawm chromium nyob rau hauv lub grain ciam teb, yog li tshem tawm los yog txo intergranular corrosion ntawm hlau. .
Titanium kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov muaj zog ferrite-tsim cov ntsiab lus, uas ua rau muaj zog A1 thiab A3 kub ntawm hlau. Titanium tuaj yeem txhim kho plasticity thiab toughness hauv cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau. Vim tias titanium kho nitrogen thiab sulfur thiab tsim titanium carbide, nws ua rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Tom qab normalizing, cov nplej yog refined thiab carbides yog precipitated rau daim ntawv, uas yuav ho txhim kho lub plasticity thiab cuam tshuam toughness ntawm hlau. Titanium-muaj alloy structural steel muaj cov khoom siv zoo thiab cov txheej txheem, tab sis nws lub ntsiab tsis zoo yog me ntsis hardenability. .
Titanium nrog kwv yees li 5 npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon feem ntau yog ntxiv rau high-chromium stainless hlau, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho corrosion kuj (feem ntau tsis kam mus rau intergranular corrosion) thiab toughness ntawm cov hlau; nws tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho cov qoob loo loj hlob ntawm cov hlau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Welding zog ntawm steel.
